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Agora Study on Parking Space: Vehicles Often Just Stationary Objects
Under the title "Repark - Distribute Public Space More Fairly," the Think Tank Agora Verkehrswende has now released an update of its study with data and facts on the topic of parking and parking management. In many cities and communities, parking is one of the most pressing issues in transportation policy. While vehicle registrations continue to rise, the street space needed for vehicles does not increase. On average, a car is moved for one hour per day, with some vehicles even sitting idle for weeks. Managing public space thus becomes a key lever for livable cities and sustainable mobility. The new leeway for this has been created by the adjusted fines for parking violations in the fall of 2021 and the possibility since 2020 to adjust the fee level for resident parking permits at the state or municipal level.
"Public space is a common good that should be equally available to all population groups. Nevertheless, parking takes up disproportionately large amounts of public space—at the expense of bike paths and sidewalks, playgrounds, green areas, markets, or gastronomy. There are, however, large parking reserves, for example in underground garages, parking garages, or at supermarkets," the Think Tank criticizes.
Some facts & figures about (re)parking:
- Cars are getting bigger – and thus becoming a greater obstacle in street space. SUVs are increasingly dominating the streets, but the available space does not grow with them. Almost every third newly registered vehicle is now an SUV or an off-road vehicle.
- In a German metropolis, a driver spends an average of 40 to 70 hours a year searching for a parking space due to the lack of effective parking space management. This corresponds to 5 to 8 vacation days!
- Distorted competition: In Munich, parking fees remained constant between 2004 and 2018. Public transport tickets, however, have become 45 and 74 percent more expensive since then.
- Resident parking is too cheap: With the resident parking permit, it is easier to find a parking space. However, since the fees have not been adjusted since 1993 and parking spaces are becoming increasingly scarce, federal states should now adjust their fee regulations. Baden-Württemberg has done so. There is no upper limit and municipalities can differentiate the fees, for example according to the size of the car, whether it is a primary or secondary vehicle, the public transport connectivity of the area, or the comparative rent in private garages.
- Cheaper storage space: German parking fees are inexpensive in an international comparison. Cities in other countries charge drivers higher fees for the space they occupy.
- Empty parking garages, full streets? The repurposing of street spaces is often an emotional issue. Nevertheless, even at peak times, up to 50 percent of all parking spots in parking garages are often empty – this is also the case in downtown Stuttgart.
- Parking spaces generate car traffic: The example of Austria shows how the availability of parking spaces at workplaces influences employees' mobility behavior.
- Parking management saves time: In downtown Vienna, the average time spent searching for a parking space has been reduced to a third. Measures included not only parking management but also the promotion of walking and cycling, as well as a 365-euro annual ticket for public transport.
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