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Agora Analysis Controlled Charging: How E-Mobility and the Power System Benefit
How controlled charging works and what advantages it offers both for consumers and for the energy transition, has been summarized by the Berlin think tank Agora Verkehrswende in an analysis and a corresponding short fact sheet. E-cars should be able to charge so flexibly that it matches the situation in the power system. However, before so-called controlled charging can be widely implemented, there is still a lack of technical infrastructure and above all variable prices for the use of the electricity grid, according to the initial thesis.
In controlled charging of an electric car, the charging process is guided by the current availability of electricity and the load on the power grid. The battery is mainly charged when there is a lot of free grid capacity and plenty of electricity available. In this way, the share of renewable energies in the electricity mix can be increased, and the need for additional grid expansion can be reduced. This results in lower costs for the general public and low charging prices for e-cars, analyze the specialists.
"Controlled charging is valuable because it facilitates the integration of wind and solar power plants and the ramp-up of electromobility. Therefore, the technical and regulatory prerequisites should be created quickly and practically. This applies in particular to variable grid charges and interventions by grid operators. At the same time, uncertainties in controlled charging should not be an excuse for the current backlog in the expansion of electromobility. The power system can meet the needs of electromobility for the time being even without controlled charging, just not as efficiently," explains Wiebke Zimmer, Deputy Director of Agora Verkehrswende.
To increase the demand for electric cars, additional instruments are needed, especially a climate-appropriate, efficient, and socially balanced reform of taxes, levies, and subsidies related to cars – from vehicle and company car taxation to diesel privileges and fuel tax. This could enable the federal government to achieve its goal of bringing 15 million fully electric cars onto the road by 2030, estimates Zimmer.
Setting the Course for Controlled Charging
According to Agora Verkehrswende, to align charging processes with electricity supply and grid load, what is primarily needed are variable prices for electricity procurement and sales, as well as for grid usage. These would act as an incentive for controlled charging among consumers. With the recently passed law to restart the digitalization of the energy transition, the German government has already obligated electricity suppliers to offer variable prices for electricity procurement and sales starting from 2025. In terms of introducing variable grid fees, there has so far only been a non-binding hearing by the Federal Network Agency.
The Federal Network Agency is also working on rules on how grid operators can regulate the electricity consumption of flexible consumption units such as charging points or heat pumps in acute bottleneck situations. This allows operators to ensure a safe grid operation even with a dynamic increase in flexible consumption units and quickly connect new charging points to the power grid. However, such interventions are fundamentally opposed to controlled charging processes and are not in the interest of consumers. The think tank therefore advocates that grid operators should only intervene when absolutely necessary.
"So far, the design of controlled charging has mainly been discussed from the perspective of the energy industry. However, the issue is also relevant to the ramp-up of electromobility. The rules for controlled charging help determine when and at what power it is most cost-effective to charge an electric car. Therefore, those who want to shape the future of the transportation sector should also have a say. With our publications, we aim to provide the knowledge for this and invite discussion," emphasizes Fanny Tausendteufel, Project Manager for Industrial Policy at Agora Verkehrswende.
Analysis and Fact Sheet on Controlled Charging
The analysis paper "Controlled Charging. Why it Pays to Pay Attention to Electricity Supply and Grid Load When Charging Electric Vehicles" explains the technical and regulatory prerequisites and provides recommendations for implementation in Germany. It was created on behalf of Agora Verkehrswende by the consulting and software company Consentec.
Translated automatically from German.
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